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    February 20

    ZZ 为什么不能用微波炉烧开水

    和菜头那里看到这个可能尚未被很多人了解的生活常识,觉得有必要分享一下,让大家有所认知,在生活中避免出现危险. 以下为转载:

    五天以前我一位朋友决定要泡一杯即溶咖啡,他将一杯水放在微波炉加热(这种动作他曾经做过无数次了),我不确定他设定加热几分钟 ?但他告诉我他要水加热到沸腾的程度,当微波炉加热完毕,他将那杯水拿出来,当他看了那杯水后他发现水并没有沸腾,但就在那瞬间,那杯水在他的脸上爆开来,杯子保持完好无缺,直到他将那杯水丢出手中,但由于庞大的能量使得所有的水都飞溅到他的脸上,他整个脸上都起了水泡并且至少有1度及2度的灼伤,而可能留下水泡的痕迹且他的左眼也可能会损失部份的视力,在医院中,他的主治医师说这是相当普遍的意外事件, “水绝对不能在微波炉中单独加热 ” ,如果要用这种方法加热水,杯子里应该放些东西,例如:木制的搅伴棒或茶包等的东西,来帮助扩散能量,无论如何将水放在茶壶内烹煮会是较安全的加热方式。不只是水,纯液体都会突然滚沸。

    下面是一个网友补充的资料:

    先说成因:对过热液体继续加热,会骤然而剧烈地发生沸腾现象,这种现象称为“暴沸”。或叫作“崩沸”。过热是亚稳状态。由于过热液体内部的涨落现象,某些地方具有足够高的能量的分子,可以彼此推开而形成极小的气泡。当过热的液体温度远高于沸点时,小气泡内的饱和蒸气压就比外界的压强高,于是气泡迅速增长而膨胀,以至由于破裂引起工业容器的爆炸。液体之所以发生过热的原因是液体里缺乏形成气泡的核心。为避免容器的暴沸,可在容器中放含有空气的无釉陶块等。

    解决方案:为了清除在蒸馏过程中的过热现象和保证沸腾的平稳状态,常加沸石,或一端封口的毛细管,因为它们都能防止加热时的暴沸现象,,把它们称做止暴剂又叫助沸剂,值得注意的是,不能在液体沸腾时,加入止暴剂,不能用已使用过的止暴剂。

    简单说就是因为加热时烧杯中的液体会向上冲,从而造成了一个个冒出来的“喷泉”,剧烈时甚至会溅出伤人,而沸石能够有效的阻止液体的向上冲,使加热时液体能够保持平稳。
    参考资料:中国化学大百科全书

     

    Comments (7)

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    Picture of Anonymous
    钱杰 wrote:
    很恐怖
    Mar. 13
    我每天用沸石煮硫酸`醋酸`盐酸`硝酸```
    Feb. 22
    Ling Luowrote:
    我经常这样。。。
    Feb. 21
    Xiaohan Mawrote:
    oh..
    Feb. 21
    很专业嘛。。。。
    你还是没感冒。。。
    Feb. 20
    Picture of Anonymous
    小强 wrote:
    脚脚不准哭穷
    Feb. 20
    建 姚wrote:
    还好买不起微波炉
    Feb. 20

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